Examines the physical and social conditions of the test (e.g., time limits, task instructions, and setting) to ensure they mirror real-world language use.
Focuses on how well test scores relate to external measures, such as performance in a university setting or other standardized tests like IELTS or TOEFL . Language Testing and Validation
Weir’s primary contribution is a unified framework for validation that breaks down the "black box" of language testing into manageable components: Examines the physical and social conditions of the test (e