Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary vascular complication that develops in patients with chronic liver disease or portal hypertension. It is defined by a classic triad: liver dysfunction, intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVDs), and impaired arterial oxygenation.
Non-specific markers like digital clubbing (swelling of fingertips), cyanosis (bluish skin tint), and spider nevi (spider-like veins) may also be present. Diagnostic Criteria Diagnosis is confirmed through the following findings: A Case of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - PMC Download Syndrome hepatopulmonaire pdf
While many patients are initially asymptomatic, those who develop symptoms often experience: intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVDs)