: Liver disease, kidney loss (nephrotic syndrome), or malnutrition. Increased : Dehydration. Alpha-1 Alpha-1 antitrypsin Increased : Acute inflammation. Alpha-2 Haptoglobin, Alpha-2 macroglobulin Increased : Acute phase reaction or nephrotic syndrome. Beta Transferrin, Complement Increased : Iron deficiency or high cholesterol. Two peaks ( ) are visible in capillary tests. Gamma Immunoglobulins (Antibodies)
: Download the interpretation guide from FMC Tourcoing for a concise overview of quantitative values. : Liver disease, kidney loss (nephrotic syndrome), or
: Access the Cerba laboratory document for standard reference values and capillary electrophoresis details. The Five Main Protein Fractions : Liver disease
You can find and download detailed clinical guides from these authoritative medical platforms: kidney loss (nephrotic syndrome)
Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein Electrophoresis
: The JNMG guide on anomalies provides specific indicators for bone pain or unexplained renal failure.