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MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) is a small, non-coding RNA molecule that plays a critical role in human health and disease. It is primarily known for its essential functions in skeletal development and its dual role in cancer progression. 🦴 Role in Skeletal Development and Osteoarthritis
MicroRNA-140 is highly expressed in cartilage and is a master regulator of chondrocytes (the cells responsible for cartilage formation).
In oncology, miR-140 is widely investigated as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target due to its heavy involvement in cell carcinogenesis.
In many malignancies—including breast, lung, prostate, and gastrointestinal cancers—miR-140 is significantly downregulated. It typically acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis while encouraging cell death (apoptosis).
A breakthrough study published in Nature discovered that a "gain-of-function" mutation in the miR-140 gene leads to a severe, novel autosomal dominant human skeletal dysplasia. 🔬 Function in Cancer and Therapeutics
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