118342 May 2026

Decided on January 5, 1998, this case is a staple in Philippine property and credit law, specifically regarding the prohibition of pactum commissorium .

A World Health Organization (WHO) archived study explores menstrual experiences and dysmenorrhoea among adolescent girls. 118342

An MPRA Paper (No. 118342) discusses the decline of the US dollar as a reserve currency and the potential role of the BRICS Development Bank in facilitating a "soft landing" for the global economy. Medical Research: Decided on January 5, 1998, this case is

The number most prominently refers to a landmark Philippine legal case, G.R. No. 118342 , titled Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) vs. Court of Appeals and Lydia Cuba . 118342) discusses the decline of the US dollar

The Supreme Court had to determine if the "Assignment of Leasehold Rights" was a legal transfer of ownership or merely a mortgage. If it were a mortgage, DBP's automatic takeover would constitute pactum commissorium —an agreement allowing a creditor to automatically own the collateral upon the debtor's default, which is strictly prohibited under Article 2088 of the Civil Code of the Philippines.

Lydia Cuba, a fishpond leaseholder, obtained loans from the Development Bank of the Philippines (DBP) . As security, she executed an "Assignment of Leasehold Rights." When she defaulted on her payments, DBP unilaterally appropriated her leasehold rights without a public auction or judicial foreclosure, then sold them to a third party.